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From May to late July, Greenland experiences 24 hours of daylight. Yet despite this endless sunshine, much about the world’s largest island remains shrouded in mystery.
Now, Greenland is once again in global headlines — not because of climate change or Arctic exploration, but because US President Donald Trump wants it.
Since returning to office in 2025, Trump has made no secret of his desire for the vast, frozen territory to become part of the United States. According to the White House, even the use of the US military has been mentioned as a possible option.
This raises an obvious question: why would the US want a place that is largely frozen, remote and mostly uninhabitable?
A Land of Ice — and Strategic Value
Greenland is immense, but harsh. About 80 percent of the island is buried beneath an ice cap up to 1.6 miles thick, making much of the land unsuitable for permanent settlement.
The entire population is just around 60,000 people, with roughly a quarter living in the capital, Nuuk.
Yet, experts say Greenland’s importance has little to do with its population — and everything to do with technology, security and space.
“Greenland is key for technology, security and space exploration,” said Tom Dans, former commissioner of the US Arctic Research Commission during Trump’s first term.
“Trump has a long-term perspective on this region.”
Already Taken — and Not for Sale
Despite its location in North America, Greenland is not an independent country. It is a self-governing territory within the Kingdom of Denmark, which is a US ally and a member of the European Union.
Both Denmark and the EU have firmly stated that Greenland is not for sale, and any suggestion of military action would be met with strong resistance — even if the exact response remains unclear.
The US already operates one military base on the island, but Trump has made it clear that this is not enough.
While the president initially hinted at possible military action, US Secretary of State Marco Rubio later sought to calm tensions, saying Washington would prefer diplomatic engagement with Denmark and Greenland — including the possibility of purchasing the territory.
Russia, China — and National Security
Trump has repeatedly framed his interest in Greenland as a matter of national security.
Speaking aboard Air Force One, he said:
“Right now, Greenland is covered with Russian and Chinese ships all over the place. We need Greenland from the standpoint of national security.”
Security analysts agree that Greenland’s geographic location makes it uniquely valuable.
A Strategic Arctic Platform
According to Justina Budginaite-Froehly, a nonresident senior fellow at the Atlantic Council, Greenland’s position offers a major advantage in monitoring global rivals.
“If you are controlling the territory, you can, with new technology, build sensors there,” she explained.
“Greenland is a huge platform for observing.”
She added that the island could host advanced infrastructure to improve surveillance, establish situational awareness across the Arctic, and project power deeper into the region.
The Bigger Picture
While Greenland may appear frozen, empty and distant, it sits at the crossroads of Arctic geopolitics, where competition among global powers is rapidly intensifying.
For Donald Trump, the ice-covered island represents far more than land — it represents leverage, security and future dominance in the Arctic.
Whether diplomacy or ambition will prevail remains to be seen.
